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Volume 4, Part 2 (1996)

  • W. Decraemer. Descriptions of two new species of Tricoma (Nematoda: Desmoscolecidae) and comments on the taxonomic status of T. (T.) tertia Blome, 1982 and T. (T.) brevirostris (Southern, 1914) Steiner, 1916, 107-114
  • W. Decraemer & A.V. Tchesunov. Some Desmoscolecids from the White Sea (Nematoda: Desmoscolecida), 115-130
  • S.A. Subbotin & V.N. Chizhov. Ultrastructure of the integument of parasitic females in entomogenous tylenchids. II. Howardula phyllotretae, Parasitylenchus dispar, Contortylenchus sp., and two allantonematid species, 131-138
  • A. Swart, P. Cadet & S.B. N'Diaye. Longidorus brevis sp. n. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Senegal, West Africa, 139-143
  • S. Wang, W. F. Chiu, C. Yu, C. Li & R. T. Robbins. The occurrence and geographical distribution of longidorid and trichodorid nematodes associated with vineyards and orchards in China, 145-153
  • C. Magnusson & O. A. Kulinich. A taxonomic appraisal of the original description, morphology and status of Bursaphelenchus kolymensis Korentchenko, 1980 (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae), 155-161
  • R. T. Robbins, D. J. F. Brown, J. M. Halbrendt & T. C. Vrain. Compendium of juvenile stages of Xiphinema species (Nematoda: Longidoridae), 163-171
  • J. Abolafia & R. Pena Santiago. Nematodes of the order Dorylaimida from Andalucia Oriental, Spain. The genus Mesodorylaimus Andrassy, 1959. I. Two short-tailed new species, 173-180.
  • L. A. Guskova & H. Al-Bakkur. An assessment of resistance in glasshouse-grown tomato cultivars to Meloidogyne incognita, race 2, from Latvia and to M. javanica from Russia, 181-183
  • V. N. Chizhov. Phoresia of Nigolaimoides borbophilus (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) by scatobiotic dipterans, 185-186
  • E. Tzortzakakis & D.J.F. Brown. The absence of a tail mucro in Xiphinema index (Nematoda: Longidoridae) appears not to be an inherited characteristic, 187-189
  • Book Reviews
  • Newsletter of the Russian Society of Nematologists

Decraemer, W.

Descriptions of two new species of Tricoma (Nematoda: Desmoscolecidae) and comments on the taxonomic status of T. (T.) tertia Blome, 1982 andT. (T.) brevirostris (Southern, 1914) Steiner, 1916.

Summary:
A study of type material of Tricoma (Tricoma) tertia Blome, 1982 revealed a mixture of two species: T. (T.) tertia and an unidentified Tricoma (Tricoma) species. Tricoma (Tricoma) tertia , currently known by the male holotype and one female paratype, is redescribed and the second species is described as Tricoma (Tricoma) blomei sp. n. Tricoma (Tricoma) brevirostris (Southern, 1914) Steiner, 1916 is reviewed. Tricoma brevirostris and T. euxenica are considered species inquirendae and T. brevirostris in Decraemer (1978, 1984) is here described as T. (T.) parabrevirostris , a new species.

Key words: Tricoma (Tricoma) tertia, T. (T.) blomei sp. n., T. (T.) parabrevirostris sp. n.


Decraemer, W. and Tchesunov, A.V.

Some Desmoscolecids from the White Sea (Nematoda: Desmoscolecida).

Summary:
Thirty samples, mainly from the sublittoral zone from several localities of in the Velikaja Salma Strait, Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea contained a relatively high species diversity of the family Desmoscolecidae, but a low representation per species. Four species, new to science are described. Antarcticonema paracomecapitata sp. n. characterized by an annulated body cuticle with 97-112 annuli, ornamented with tubular and hair-like projections and a lateral differentiation with hair-like setae only, two types of somatic setae: short setae with fine end and long stout setae with sucker-like end and in male by the length of the spicules (36 µm); Tricoma (Tricoma) albimaris sp. n. by a high number of main body rings (greater than 100), a somatic setal pattern with 10-12 subdorsal setae and 19-25 (male)/19-22 (female) subventral setae, broad triangular head shape, and in male by the shape of the gubernaculum with thick-walled apophyses; T. (T.) paracapitata sp. n. by a small body with 76-77 main rings, narrow triangular head shape in lateral view, somatic setal pattern with 9-10 subdorsal and 19-20 subventral setae, fine spicules with knob-like manubrium and the presence of two medioventral genital setae in male and Desmoscolex (Desmoscolex) paragranulatus sp. n. by a short body, a typical desmoscolecoid setal pattern, a broad head largely covered by the amphids which reach far anteriorly, presence of a concentration of pigment granules and in male by the 36 µm long, curved spicules. Additional data are given on Tricoma (Tricoma) similis Cobb, 1912, Desmoscolex (Desmoscolex) labiosus Lorenzen, 1969 and D. (D.) petaloides Lorenzen, 1972 found for the first time in the White Sea.

Key words: Desmoscolecida, White Sea, taxonomy.


Subbotin, S.A.  and Chizhov, V.N.

Ultrastructure of the integument of parasitic females in entomogenous tylenchids. II. Howardula phyllotretae, Parasitylenchus dispar,Contortylenchus sp., and two allantonematid species.

Summary:
The structure of the body walls of parasitic females in five species of entomogenous nematodes was studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The body surface of parasitic females in H. phyllotretae is covered by short microvilli. Numerous ampullae, invaginations of the outer hypodermal membrane, are situated beneath the surface of parasitic females of all studied species except those of Contortylenchus sp., which were characterized by a thick covering layer of extracellular material. It is suggested that the network of ampullae and vacuoles are involved in the assimilation and subsequent transmission of nutrients from the nematode surface to underlying tissues.

Key words: hypodermis, entomogenous nematodes, Howardula phyllotretae, Parasitylenchus dispar, Contortylenchus sp., Allantonematidae, microvilli, ultrastructure.


Swart, A., Cadet, P. and N'Diaye, S.B.

Longidorus brevis sp. n. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Senegal, West Africa

Summary:
Longidorus brevis sp. n. is described from the rhizosphere of Guiera senegalensis , Pennisetum pedicellatum , Cordyla pinnata and Blumea aurita in Senegal. It is a small longidorid, morphologically resembling L. juveniloides , L. juvenilis , L. reneyii and L. laevicapitatus. The new species can be distinguished from these species by combinations of the following characters: short, thick body (L = 1.71-2.13 mm and a = 54.2-68.9), short odontostyle (40-43 µm), lobed amphidial pouches, distance of guide ring from anterior end (23-25.5 µm) and an elongate conoid tail with a slightly digitated terminus (c'= 1.89-2.61).

Key words: Senegal, Longidorus brevis sp. n., new species, SEM.


Wang, S., Chiu, W. F., Yu, C., Li, C. and Robbins, R. T.

The occurrence and geographical distribution of longidorid and trichodorid nematodes associated with plantations and orchards in China

Summary:
To investigate the occurrence and geographical distribution of Longidoridae and Trichodoridae nematodes, several species of which are capable of transmitting plant viruses, a total of 1239 soil samples were collected from 165 orchards and vineyards in 22 provinces of China. Sixteen species belonging to four genera were identified: Longidorus macromucronatus Siddiqi, 1962; L. martini Merny, 1966; L. moniloides Heyns, 1966; Paratrichodorus porosus (Allen, 1957) Siddiqi, 1974; Trichodorus kurumeensis Yokoo, 1966; T. nanjingensis Liu & Cheng, 1990; Xiphinema diffusum Lamberti & Bleve-Zacheo, 1979; X. elongatum Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938; X. incognitum Lamberti & Bleve-Zacheo, 1979; X. insigne Loos, 1949; X. luci Lamberti & Bleve-Zacheo, 1979; X. radicicola Goodey, 1936; X. taylori Lamberti et al., 1991; X. thornei Lamberti & Bleve-Zacheo, 1986; and two putative Xiphinema : X. sp. 1 and X. sp. 2. The most frequently occurring species were X. thornei , X. diffusum and X. incognitum each of which are members of the X. americanum -group

Key words: Longidorus, orchards, Paratrichodorus, Trichodorus, vineyards, virus-vector, Xiphinema.


Magnusson, C. and Kulinich, O.A.

A taxonomic appraisal of the original description, morphology and status of Bursaphelenchus kolymensis Korentchenko, 1980 (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae)

Summary:
The taxonomic status of Bursaphelenchus kolymensis , a member of the pinewood nematode species complex (PWNSC) is unclear. Examination of the type specimens of B. kolymensis Korentchenko, 1980 revealed that the male has a broad beak- or spade-shaped bursa in lateral view and cucullus on the spicule. The female has a sub-cylindrical tail with a slender mucro. Comparison with related PWNSC species indicates that B. kolymensis is morphologically similar to B. fraudulentus Rhm, 1956 and B. mucronatus Mamiya & Enda, 1979, but distinct from B. xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934) Nickle, 1970. Bursaphelenchus kolymensis differs from B. fraudulentus by possessing a more slender mucro, a broad beak- or spade-shaped bursa and by having coniferous hosts. It is most similar to B. mucronatus populations from Russia and France, but differs from Japanese populations by its sub-cylindrical female tail and slender mucro, and the shape of the bursa. It is concluded that mating and genetic studies are required to resolve the specific status of B. kolymensis.

Key words: Bursaphelenchus kolymensis, morphology, B. xylophilus, B. mucronatus, B. fraudulentus.


Robbins, R.T., Brown, D.J.F, Halbrendt, J.M. and Vrain, T.C.

Compendium of juvenile stages of Xiphinema species (Nematoda: Longidoridae)

Summary:
An examination of descriptions and redescriptions of Xiphinema species, and selected publications, yielded information describing juvenile developmental stages for only 114 of the 220 putative species comprising the genus. One juvenile developmental stage was described for each of 13 species; two stages for each of 21 species; three stages for each of 17 species; and four stages for each of 63 species. Excessive overlap in the morphometric data, or seemingly abnormal size ranges, reported for juveniles of several of these species prevents unequivocal determination to be made of the number of developmental stages. However, unequivocal evidence is available for X. americanum sensu stricto , X. californicum , X. chambersi , X. hygrophilum and X. rivesi to consider these species as having only three, instead of four, juvenile developmental stages. The characteristics used to identify the first developmental stage is explained, as is identification of the pre-adult developmental stage. Accurate determination of the number of juvenile developmental stages is important to the basic understanding of the taxonomy and biology of Xiphinema nematodes and of practical significance when distinguishing similar species, especially those species which transmit virus.

Key words: identification, juvenile stages, development, nematode, Xiphinema.


Abolafia, J. and Pena Santiago, R.

Nematodes of the order Dorylaimida from Andalucia Oriental, Spain. The genus Mesodorylaimus Andrassy, 1959. I. Two short-tailed new species

Summary:
Two new species belonging to the genus Mesodorylaimus Andrassy, 1959 are described from specimens collected from the rhizosphere of wild plant communities in southeastern Spain. Mesodorylaimus brevicaudatus sp. n. is characterized by its medium size (L=1.3-1.6 mm) body, lip region set-off by depression, odontostyle 11-14 µm long or almost equal to the lip region width, V=50-57%, female tail conical, digitate (25-37.5 µm, c=38-61, c'=0.9-1.4), spicules 46.5-54 µm and 6-9 regularly spaced ventromedian supple- ments. Mesodorylaimus pseudorecurvus sp. n. is characterized by its medium sized (L=1.1-1.3 mm) body, lip region set- off by a weak depression, odontostyle 10-11 µm long, V=51.8-53.2%, presence of irregularities of the cuticle near the vulva, and tail conical, elongate (35.5-43.5 µm, c=28.6-34.3, c'=1.6-2.0) with the posterior half cylindrical and dorsally bent. Both species are illustrated and tables of morphometrics are given.

Key words: Mesodorylaimus brevicaudatus sp. n., Mesodorylaimus pseudorecurvus sp. n., Spain.